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253.

Verbal Adjectives that are Participial in meaning are formed with the suffixes -



s-ndus, -bundus, -cundus

a. -ndus (the same as the gerundive ending) forms a few active or reflexive adjectives: -



secu-ndus, second (the following), favorable ; sequí, to follow.
rotu-ndus, round (whirling)[1][Cf. volvendís ménsibus (Aen. i. 269), in the revolving months; cf. oriundí ab Sabínís (Liv. i. 17), sprung from the Sabines, where oriundí ortí.]; rotáre, to whirl.

b. -bundus, -cundus, denote a continuance of the act or quality expressed by the verb: -

vítá-bundus, avoiding; vítáre, to shun.
treme-bundus, trembling; tremere, to tremble.
mori-bundus, dying, at the point of death; morírí, to die.
fá-cundus, eloquent; fárí, to speak.
fé-cundus, fruitful; root F=E, nourish.
írá-cundus, irascible; cf. íráscí, to be angry.


NOTE: These must have been originally nominal: as in the series, rubus, red bush; rubidus (but no rubicus), ruddy; Rubicón, Red River (cf. Minió, a river of Etruria; Minius, a river of Lusitania); rubicundus (as in averruncus, homun-culus). So turba, commotion; turbó, a top; turbidus, roily, etc. Cf. apexabó, longabó, gravédó, dulcédó.



c. Here belong also the participial suffixes -minus, -mnus (cf. Greek -o ), from which are formed a few nouns in which the participial force is still discernible: - [2][Cf. § 163. footnote 1.]

fé-mina, woman (the nourisher); root F=E, nourish.
alu-mnus, a foster-child, nursling; alere, to nourish.