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Declension of Cardinals and Ordinals.

134.

Of the Cardinals only únus, duo, trés, the hundreds above one hundred, and mílle when used as a noun, are declinable.

a. For the declension of únus, see § 113. It often has the meaning of same or only. The plural is used in this sense; but also, as a simple numeral, to agree with a plural noun of a singular meaning: as, úna castra, one camp (cf. § 137. b). The plural occurs also in the phrase úní et alterí, one party and the other (the ones and the others).

b. Duo,[1][The form in -o is a remnant of the dual number, which was lost in Latin, but is found in cognate languages. So in ambó, both, which preserves -ó (cf. and § 629. b).] two, and trés, three, are thus declined: -

M. F. N. M., F. N.
NOM. duo duae duo trés tria
GEN. duórum duárum duórum trium trium
DAT. duóbus duábus duóbus tribus tribus
ACC. duós (duo) duás duo trés (trís) tria
ABL. duóbus duábus duóbus tribus tribus


NOTE: Ambó, both, is declined like duo.



c. The hundreds, up to 1000, are adjectives of the First and Second Declensions, and are regularly declined like the plural of bonus.

d. Mílle, a thousand, is in the singular an indeclinable adjective: -

In the plural it is used as a neuter noun, and is declined like the plural of sedíle (§ 69): mília, mílium, mílibus, etc.

NOTE: The singular mílle is sometimes found as a noun in the nominative an accusative: as, mílle hominum mísit, he sent a thousand (of) men; in the other case rarely, except in connection with the same case of mília: as, cum octó mílibus peditum mílle equitum, with eight thousand foot and a thousand horse.



e. The ordinals are adjectives of the First and Second Declensions, an[QUERY] are regularly declined like bonus.