IBAN: IT36M0708677020000000008016 - BIC/SWIFT:
ICRAITRRU60 - VALERIO DI STEFANO or
Children Who Stay Small
or Have Weak Bones
13CHAPTER
125
In this chapter we look at children whose bones are weak and deformed, and at
children who do not grow as tall as other children. We include rickets, brittle bone
disease, and children who stay very short (dwarfism). In all of these conditions, the legs
may become bowed, and the shape or proportions of the bones are often not normal.
RICKETS
Rickets is weakness and deformity of the bones that occurs from lack of vitamin
D. Vitamin D occurs in whole milk, butter, egg yolks, animal fats, and liver, especially
fish liver oil. The body also makes its own vitamin D when sunlight shines on the skin.
Children who do not eat enough foods with vitamin D, and who do not get enough
sunlight, gradually develop signs of rickets.
SIGNS OF RICKETS
Rickets is fairly common in some countries, especially in cool
mountain areas of Asia and Latin America where babies are kept
inside and wrapped up. Rickets is also increasing in crowded cities
where children are seldom taken into the sunlight.
Soft spot on
baby’s head is
slow to close.
Treatment for rickets is to give fish liver oil, and to spend time
bony necklace
in the sunlight. The best and cheapest form of prevention is
to be sure sunlight reaches the child’s skin. Foods that contain
vitamin D also help.
curved bones
big, lumpy
joints
BRITTLE BONE DISEASE
bowed legs
(knees bent out)
The child is born with bent or twisted limbs, or with broken bones. (Or he may seem
normal at birth, and the bones begin to break later.) He may start to walk at near the
normal age, but increasing deformities due to breaks may soon make walking impossible.
Because of the many broken and bent bones, these children stay very short. Parents
sometimes do not realize when their child breaks a bone.
Brittle bone disease is not common.
Sometimes it is inherited, and someone
else in the family will have the same
problem.
SIGNS OF BRITTLE BONE DISEASE
broad forehead
There is no medical treatment. However,
sometimes surgery can be done to straighten
and strengthen the leg bones by putting a
metal rod down the middle of them. This may
help the child walk for longer, but he may
eventually need a wheelchair to move about.
Back problems increase with age; a body
brace may help (see p. 164).
Children with brittle bone disease are often
intelligent and do well in school. Increasing
deafness may become a problem. Help them
to develop their minds and learn skills that do
not require physical strength. The child must
learn how to protect his body from breaks. It
helps to sleep on a firm bed.
deafness may
develop
white part of
eye looks blue
poor teeth
barrel chest and
rounded back
bones bent and
shortened from
many fractures
(broken bones)
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