IBAN: IT36M0708677020000000008016 - BIC/SWIFT:
ICRAITRRU60 - VALERIO DI STEFANO or
23-3
In many cases, having a small family is a privilege that only persons with a certain
amount of economic security can afford. In wealthy countries, most men and
women choose to have few children. By contrast, in those poor countries where
poor people have few guarantees, family size usually remains large—in spite of
millions spent on family planning. But studies have shown that in poor countries
where resources have been more fairly distributed, and where employment,
housing, and care for the sick and old are guaranteed, people usually choose
to have smaller families.* Also, where women have equal access to educational
opportunities and jobs, they see their future as more than just producing babies. In
Cuba, for example, the birth rate has decreased remarkably, even though the Cuban
government does not emphasize family planning.**
Most people will choose to have small families only
when they have a basic amount of economic security.
SELLING FAMILY PLANNING TO THE POOR
Governments and foreign agencies have tried many tricks to get the poor to have
fewer children. These have included the use of ‘incentives’ (gifts of food or money)
to family planning ‘accepters’. But the use of incentives invites abuse. In some
countries, women sign up for ‘pills’ at several different centers in order to collect
more gifts. A report from Bangladesh claims that so many birth control pills have
been thrown into a stream that the fish population has dropped!
In some countries, a negative incentive or punishment is used. Tax credits or free
schooling may be refused to families that have more than 3 or 4 children. In other
countries, commercial marketing techniques are used, including songs on the radio
and the distribution of bright-
colored condoms.
Some tricks used to promote family planning
are insulting or offensive. But others are very
clever or amusing, and help take the mystery and
embarrassment out of family planning.
Many couples who want to avoid pregnancy
are too shy to ask a health worker or druggist for
contraceptives. To remove this embarrassment,
health planners in Thailand have tried to
‘put a smile into family planning’. Large
signs in stores advertise CABBAGES
AND CONDOMS. Police are given free
contraceptives in a campaign known as
COPS AND RUBBERS. Contests are held
in which boys blow up condoms like
balloons. (He who blows the biggest wins
a free pack for his father!)
As a result of these efforts, Thailand
reports the biggest drop in birth rate in
Asia (except for China). Today condoms
are also promoted in Thailand to prevent
the spread of HIV. But each country
needs to evaluate how these methods relate
to people’s traditions and dignity.
Commercial marketing techniques sometimes go
too far. Discuss with your students how what is shown
here might influence or offend different persons.
*See Contact 30, “Family planning to benefit whom?” World Council of Churches (see p. Back-3).
**For more discussion of the strengths and weaknesses of the Cuban health system, see “HEALTH CARE
IN CUBA TODAY: A model service or a means of social control—or both?” by David Werner, 1979.
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